He aha i kore ai e ōrite, e paru hoki ngā ira rama i roto i ngā toa hokohoko? Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i ngā rama he pai ngā karu tirohanga?

1. Ko te pūnaha whatu te kaupapa matua o te rama whakapaipai arumoni

1. Ngā Rama Arotahi TIR (Whakaata Ā-roto Katoa)

   Ka eke te pai o te tirohanga ki te 85%~92%, e whakarato ana i ngā taha hihi koi me te ōritetanga pumau me ngā koki hihi maha. He pai mō ngā taiwhanga whakaahua, ngā toa hokohoko papai me ngā kaupapa hokohoko papai e hiahia ana ki te whakaaturanga hua kounga teitei.

2. Ngā Rama Whakaata Konumohe

   Tukuna he whakawhiti mārama ngawari me te utu taurite me ngā kōwhiringa whānui-koki. He pai mō ngā wharekai me ngā rama whakapaipai taiao hokohoko momo noho. Ngā herenga: te whakahaere hihi ngoikore me te rama kotiti mō te putanga koki-whaiti.

3. Ngā Tirohanga Whānui (Arotahi + Whakaata)

   Whakakotahitia te ōritetanga o te TIR me te ngawari o ngā whakaata me te mahi ārai-kanapa tino pai. He tino pai mō ngā whare whakaaturanga motuka, ngā hokohoko papai me te whakaaturanga kakano o ngā papanga me ngā rauemi kōhatu.

2. Tātaitia ngā koki hihi kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga whakaatu

1. Kurupae Whāiti (10°–15°)

   He pai mō ngā whakapaipai, ngā wati, ngā whakaaturanga iti me ngā whakaaturanga matapihi, me te whare ārai-kanapa hōhonu hei pupuri i te māramatanga kukū i tawhiti.

2. Kurupae Waenga (24°–36°)

   He pai mō ngā whakaaturanga whata, ngā taonga hokohoko ahua, ngā whakaaturanga hokohoko whānui; ko te kōwhiringa tino maha ngā whakamahinga mō ngā rama arumoni.

3. Kurupae Whānui (40°–60°)

   I hangaia mō ngā pakitara āhuahira, ngā matapihi toa nui me te rama whakakī taiao mō ngā wāhi hokohoko iti.

3. Ko te teitei o te tuanui e whakatau ana i te kōwhiringa kurupae

1. Tuanui Iti (<3m)

   Kōwhiria ngā rama ārai-kanapa mō ngā hihi waenga me te whānui. Āta karohia ngā hihi whaiti e whakaputa ana i te mārama kino, whakararuraru hoki i te tawhiti tata.

2. Tuanui Paerewa (3–4m)

   Ko te teitei hokohoko tino kitea. Ko ngā kurupae 15°~36° me ngā whatu TIR e whakarato ana i te whakahaere mārama tika.

3. Tuanui Teitei (4–6m)

   Whakamahia he hihi whaiti, he putanga teitei te tika o ngā karu tirohanga, kia mau tonu ai te arotahi o te mārama me te kore e nui rawa te rerekētanga i runga i te tawhiti whakaata roa.

4. Ngā ngoikoretanga mō te wā roa o ngā karu tirohanga kounga iti

5. Rārangi arowhai mō ngā karu rama ara kounga teitei